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Cellular technology evolution across multiple generations
has consistently sustained global economic growth — and 6G won’t be an
exception, according to InterDigital.
article here
The R&D house, which owns patents in 4G and 5G mobile
communications standards, is busy staking claims for the next evolution, 6G,
which could begin being rolled out by the end of the decade.
“Now that 5G commercial launches are rolling out, targeting
both consumer and enterprise applications, the industry is already preparing
itself for 6G, the next generation of telecommunications networks,”
InterDigital outlines in a white paper, “6G: The Network of Technology
Convergence,” co-authored by ABI Research.
The paper is an attempt to frame the use case for 6G and,
presumably, to encourage investment in its development by states and telco
communications providers.
It is envisioning 6G as a platform able to accommodate
innovations coming from multiple disciplines, including connectivity,
computing, AI, sensor networks, and virtualization.
One plank of the 6G platform will feature AI and computing
as integral parts to network architecture, not just add-on optional features.
To put this into a context, InterDigital states that only 1%
of data generated by connected humans, apps, and machines are processed,
analyzed, and used today to make better and informed decisions.
“There is a huge opportunity to refine and extract
information from every single data point generated in the process in a
trustworthy manner. This is where 6G will be useful. 6G will be the key enabler
for massive data processing compared to 4G and 5G.”
Implementing AI as a native function of the network will
enable 6G to become the first-generation network to promote large-scale
deployment of self-optimized and automated networks.
There are clues to
how this will be implemented in plans for 5G releases. For example,
device-to-device (D2D) communications (called sidelink enhancements) specified
under 5G Release 18 and above, lead to improved “accuracy, power efficiency,
and integrity” of positioning used for Simultaneous Location and Mapping (SLAM)
applications.
These sidelink specifications will continue to evolve under
6G to enable devices “to establish their own ad hoc network and communicate
with devices belonging to that network without using public radio access
resources as an intermediary.”
Under 6G, the full D2D communications capabilities will
“enable a massive amount of traffic to be offloaded as devices can communicate
directly and share data with other devices in their proximity without the need
for public network intermediation. Not only this, but D2D will enable proximity
services to be offered with premium quality in line with their expected
ultra-reliability and low latency requirements.”
It is this “distributed intelligence” that will enable
information to be delivered between machines, infrastructures, and virtual
objects in real time, more reliably, and in a safer way, InterDigital believes.
In turn, this will supercharge the immersive real-time
nature of our online experiences. In short, 6G delivers on the vision of the
metaverse.
“6G promises to blur the boundaries between the virtual and
real spaces,” the white paper forecasts. “The technology will enable the
extension of the end-user experience beyond physical reality. Under this
vision, users will be able to visualize, monitor, operate, or even simulate the
reality of physical objects in a digital world without any physical
constraints.”
InterDigital talks primarily about applications outside of
Media & Entertainment. Greater GDP gains will be derived from simulating
real-world solutions powered by 6G since, for example, this will lead to more
accurate results and lower hardware repair costs by predicting maintenance
needs and scheduling. Simulations could also lower the cost of new projects by
eliminating the need for unwanted physical trials and proof-of-concept designs,
the company writes.
“The realization of the metaverse will rely on a widespread
deployment of interconnected sensory networks, including cameras, photodiodes,
inertial sensors, time-of-flight sensors, ambient sensors, and biometric
sensors.”
Further, 6G will come with a huge capacity — up to one TBps
per base-station — ultra-low latency below one millisecond, reliability up to
ten times “for certain mission critical services,” and dynamic slicing.
The network should be able to accommodate the requirements
of different device types, from simple sensors to smart devices, and different
application types belonging to either the physical or the virtual domains.
However, for this vision to materialize, a significant
number of new innovations need to take place in the domains of security, end to
end orchestration and automation among others.
Moreover, the 6G supply chain needs to retain its global
status and remain free of geopolitical influences to allow 6G to accelerate and
create a critical mass of enterprise use cases,” InterDigital warns.
It also urges telecom operators and content providers to
align towards 5G and 6G network capabilities. This, InterDigital says, “will
further illustrate the capabilities of 6G, and by the time the 6G standard is
ready, the market will have matured for several use cases to be
commercialized.”
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