Friday, 13 March 2020

Content Delivery Networks


InBroadcast

As online video viewing surges, so have consumer expectations for a high-quality viewing experience. CDN vendors play a key role in enabling you to bypass internet congestion.


Content delivery network (CDNs) will play a central role in the transformation of TV. As we watch more content on more devices, spend on CDN services to deliver video over the open internet will near US$16 billion by 2023, according to Ovum. CDNs will be critical to ensuring streams start fast, play buffer-free and generally meet consumers’ increasingly high standards as demand scales.
The problem is that with the increasing number of new streaming services, there will be even more video traffic originating from a handful of sources. In the end, the quality of the user experience will depend on aspects such as how crowded the CDN caches and streaming servers are, how and where the streams got into the ISP, the capacity of the core network, what kind of access network is used and how many users are sharing the same connection? Since all the big streaming services are relying on the same, to a large extent shared best-effort infrastructure, they will impact each other.
“The question is do you have the tools in place to know if your users are suffering from availability or rebuffing issues, or are you waiting until you learn about your problems in social media?” asks Johan Bolin, CTO at Edgeware. “If you have the tools, do you know if the problem is the CDN caches melting down, crowded peering interfaces or over loaded ISP networks? Do you have visibility to see if there are better routes for your streams to avoid the most crowded spots? Would moving to another CDN help out? If you can see this, do you have the means and skills to move?”
Limelight says its video delivery offers the lowest rebuffer rates in the industry. It also has one of the world’s largest networks boasting 70+ Tbps egress capacity and a 100GbE private fibre backbone connected to more than 1000 ISP and last-mile networks. It has 130 PoPs “unlike other cloud solutions that may restrict your presence to a handful of datacentres.”
Limelight’s CDN service continually monitors and optimises video delivery based on realtime conditions. Limelight MMD-OD and MMD-Live provide on-the fly packaging of on-demand and live video content that makes it easy to reach viewers on any device.
Charlie Kraus, Senior Product Marketing Manager, says “To maintain consumer expectations for multi-device viewing, it’s important to have a CDN with the capability to do device detection and automatically optimise picture quality for each viewer’s device, available bandwidth and network conditions.”
Origin failures occur when a server is overwhelmed with requests, due to congested networks or other unexpected events.  These failures can keep origin responses from getting back to the client; hence, the need for redundant server architectures.
Akamai's solution is Origin Failover for its Adaptive Media Delivery product to make it easier to detect and recover quickly from such failures. Origin Failover offers a self-service solution for maintaining continuity of playback in the event of an origin failure.
It is designed to identify origin and network issues before they extend to the client, helping to reduce the likelihood of a rebuffer event during a failure.  By detecting issues as close to the origin as possible, this reduces the time to recovery by failing over before the client-side player detects an issue.  In turn, this minimises impact to playback performance in terms of rebuffering during failures. 
According to Ovum, the ability to analyse and manage multiple CDNs to deliver the best quality experiences for the best possible cost will be an important strategy for OTT providers. The big question is: how can they take back control of their TV delivery without going down the client integration route?
StreamPilot is Edgeware’s solution. This cloud-based session SaaS control platform, offered as part of the Edgeware Cloud Service, is agnostic to both CDN and client. Avoiding any vendor lock-in, Edgeware says this makes it ideal for multi-CDN environments and allows users to “pro-actively and in-session” switch or modify the delivery of every single segment from the CDNs to whatever client device viewers might use. Furthermore, it enforces distribution policies and can block illegal streaming.
StreamPilot measures every segment request made by the client and redirects it to the most optimised CDN. This provides important information such as bitrate, device type and delivering CDN, and essential data on which to base any actions needed in order to optimise the QoE in real time. Information is presented in an open API-based dashboard for integration with other systems. Supporting DASH, HLS and MSS this means all content assets can be watched on any Android, Apple or Microsoft client.
“Many technology providers claim to provide low-latency video streaming solutions, by reducing the player buffer size without optimising the network - Yet, the performance of these solutions is in a lab setting, so they don’t account for jitter on real-world networks or the succession of rebufferings that can occur, which impacts QoE,” says Jacques Le Mancq, CEO at Broadpeak.
Broadpeak has joined forces with encoding expert ATEME to resolve the issue. The solution combines ATEME’s content adaptive encoding tools with Broadpeak’s BkS350 Origin Server and Packager, BkE200 transcaster server, and nanoCDN. While Akamai, Synamedia and Velocix also have their own Multicast ABR solutions, the nanoCDN is claimed as the only technology around that combines multicast delivery with CMAF and HTTP CTE, allowing continuous (on-the-fly) video delivery. The solution supports the emerging DVB-I standard.
Briefly summarised, MABR allows for the distribution of one physical copy of video content to all users in an ABR format (DASH and HLS) via multicast rather than HTTP individual connections. “The fact is that MABR does actually save bandwidth compared with unicast,” declare Broadpeak.
Broadpeak also offers the umbrellaCDN, a concept allowing content providers to create CDN selection rules based on parameters such as user location, content requested and time of the day. A CDN Diversity feature takes advantage of the capacities of several CDNs at the same time. This not only has the benefit of in-built redundancy but delivers a video quality claimed to exceed that of a single best effort CDN.
Vualto Control Hub (VCH) (from Vualto) also uses event-based scheduling to organise live streams, to automate the provisioning of infrastructure according to user-defined parameters. The origins, encoders and other infrastructure components can be built, installed and configured automatically before an event is scheduled to start, all tied into the monitoring already available in the orchestration and delivery tool.
The latest feature allows for the configuration of a live stream for use by multiple end users, on multiple devices, with multiple subscriber conditions. “The VCH enables you to be in complete control of the tracks you select,” Vualto explains. “You select the tracks that you want to present from a publishing point, under different playout manifests.”
While StreamGuys may be best known for helping radio broadcasters and podcasters deliver premium audio, the company has been expanding its video streaming tools and services. “We are essentially a one-stop shop for live video streaming at enterprise scale,” explains Eduardo Martinez, director of technology. “Customers can send us a high-quality, single-bitrate feed, and we can repurpose it as necessary and act as an origin for efficient delivery to many destinations. By offering this as a managed service, we spare customers from having to manage and maintain a multitude of encoders and servers, as well as reducing their bandwidth requirements to just a single stream out of their facility.”
StreamGuys’ supports SRT (Secure Reliable Transport) for both ingest and output with current or upcoming support for ultra-low-latency technologies including WebRTC, low-latency CMAF and Softvelum’s SLDP. The latter is directly supported in StreamGuys’ embeddable, consumer-facing SGplayer HTML5 multimedia player.
Although most social media platforms can ingest streams via the RTMP protocol, they often have slightly different requirements for resolutions, bitrates and other parameters. StreamGuys explains that it can transcode, transrate or transmux source streams as needed to optimise delivery for each outlet.
“Unlike many other streaming solution providers, we don’t take a ‘cookie cutter’ approach,” says Martinez. “All of our technologies are highly interoperable and can be deployed in combination or à la carte, giving us the flexibility to match any broadcaster or media enterprise’s desired workflow. Combining that with our renowned ‘white-glove’ customer service enables us to provide customers with exactly the right video streaming solution for their requirements.”
Last September, MediaKind launched a range of cloud-based solutions: Aquila Streaming, Cygnus 360° Events, Cygnus Contribution and Cygnus Distribution. The latter enables secure, reliable ingress and egress of live video and audio from public cloud instances as well as reliable transport within the cloud itself. When paired with MediaKind’s modular receivers and MK Director, its control and conditional access management software product, Cygnus Distribution “provides a flexible and futureproof offering that secures high value, premium content across all distribution networks,” says Mark Russell, Chief Strategy Officer. “As well as enabling regional and local ad insertion, this new packaged solution opens the path towards low risk migration from satellite to IP network distribution.”
Anevia’s video CDN solution promises to deliver low latency and broadcast-quality content, even during high viewing periods. NEA-CDN does this by using video-caching algorithms, such as content awareness, to improve efficiency and hit-ratio. Coupled with a “chunk-sharing technology” between live and cloud DVR services, it also claims to enhance content delivery performance and optimise network usage by up to 30%.
NEA-CDN can also run on an elastic cloud infrastructure “that can match any viewing demand” by temporarily scaling up during peaks. Alternatively, for managed mobile and IPTV networks, it can also use MABR technology so that high audience streams can be played back immediately by an unlimited number of viewers, simultaneously. For unmanaged networks, it can also use peer-to-peer acceleration to overcome network capacity limitations.
Brightcove’s biggest recent release was Brightcove Beacon. It’s a SaaS-based OTT platform, comprising a Content Management System (CMS), an admin portal, and an application generator. In the CMS, users can designate how you want your content to be displayed to users—creating content playlists and the content publishing structure (using easy-to-change metadata tags). The admin portal permits design of the UEX and also set up of any advertising.
With this done, the application generator will create native code for the specific devices on which you want to launch the OTT experience. The whole process makes it a lot quicker to package your app and submit it to the appropriate app stores—making it easier than ever to get to market.
Ends


No comments:

Post a Comment